Computer-implemented questionnaire for orthopedic treatment

ABSTRACT

A treatment apparatus includes a machine configured to be manipulated by a patient to perform a regimen for rehabilitation and one or more internal sensors configured to generate data indicating performance of the regimen by the patient. The machine is configured to receive at least one of a first input from a clinician interface and a second input from a patient interface. The first input corresponds to a prompt, presented on the clinician interface, to modify the regimen based on the data indicating performance of the regimen and the second input corresponds to at least one response to a plurality of questions, presented on the patient interface, pertaining to a current or past physical condition of the patient. The machine is further configured, responsive to the at least one of the first input and the second input, to selectively stop or prevent operation of the machine by the patient.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present disclosure is a continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No. 17/021,899, filed on Sep. 15, 2020, titled “Computer-Implemented Questionnaire for Orthopedic Treatment,” which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Pat. Serial No. 62/911,638, filed Oct. 7, 2019, titled “Computer-Implemented Questionnaire for Orthopedic Treatment,” the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

A computer-implemented questionnaire may provide a system with information necessary to safely and effectively perform various aspects of a rehabilitation regimen for a body part. The patient may use a patient user interface for presenting the questionnaire to input responses to questions.

SUMMARY

A computer-implemented system for physical rehabilitation is provided. The computer-implemented system comprises a clinician interface including a patient profile display configured to present data regarding performance, by a patient, of a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group. The computer-implemented system also comprises a patient interface including an output device and an input device for communicating to and from the patient, information regarding the performance of the regimen. The patient interface presents instructions and status information to the patient regarding the performance of the regimen. The patient interface presents a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer a plurality of questions. One of the plurality of questions pertains to a current physical condition of the patient or a past physical condition of the patient.

A system for remote treatment is also provided. The system for remote treatment includes: a clinician interface comprising a patient profile display configured to present status information regarding a patient; a patient interface including an output device and an input device for communicating information, respectively, to and from a patient; and a treatment apparatus configured to be manipulated by the patient for performing a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group. The patient interface and the treatment apparatus are each configured to enable operation from a patient location geographically separate from a location of the clinician interface. The patient interface presents a questionnaire soliciting a response to a question pertaining to one of a current physical condition of the patient or a past physical condition of the patient.

A patient user interface generated by a computer is also provided. The patient user interface comprises a session period action screen presenting real-time status of measurements regarding a patient’s use of a treatment apparatus for performing a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group. The patient user interface also comprises a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer a plurality of questions pertaining to physical conditions of the patient.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosure is best understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is emphasized that, according to common practice, the various features of the drawings are not to-scale. On the contrary, the dimensions of the various features are arbitrarily expanded or reduced for clarity.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a computer-implemented system for managing a treatment plan;

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a treatment apparatus;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a pedal of the treatment apparatus of FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a person using the treatment apparatus of FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 5 shows an example embodiment of an overview display of a clinician interface;

FIG. 6 shows an example embodiment of a patient profile display of a clinician interface;

FIG. 7 shows another view of the example patient profile display of FIG. 6 ;

FIG. 8 shows an example embodiment of a body part confirmation screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 9 shows an example embodiment of a treatment plan overview screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 10 shows an example embodiment of a pain level input screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 11 shows an example embodiment of a first pretreatment questionnaire screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 12 shows an example embodiment of a second pretreatment questionnaire screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 13 shows an example embodiment of a question confirmation screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 14 shows an example embodiment of a third pretreatment questionnaire screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 15 shows an example embodiment of a positioning confirmation screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 16 shows an example embodiment of a positioning help screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 17 shows an example embodiment of an adjustment introduction screen of a patient interface;

FIG. 18 shows an example embodiment of an adjustment confirmation screen of a patient interface; and

FIG. 19 shows an example embodiment of a session period action screen of a patient interface.

NOTATION AND NOMENCLATURE

Various terms are used to refer to particular system components. Different companies may refer to a component by different names - this document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to....” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

The terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections; however, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms, when used herein, do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments. The phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, “at least one of: A, B, and C” includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. In another example, the phrase “one or more” when used with a list of items means there may be one item or any suitable number of items exceeding one.

Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” “top,” “bottom,” and the like, may be used herein. These spatially relative terms can be used for ease of description to describe one element’s or feature’s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative terms may also be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

Moreover, various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program code and embodied in a computer readable storage medium. The terms “application” and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, methods, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase “computer readable program code” includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase “computer readable storage medium” includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a flash drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), solid state drive (SSD), or any other type of memory. A “non-transitory” computer readable storage medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device.

The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both communication with remote systems and communication within a system, including reading and writing to different portions of a memory device. The term “controller” means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and/or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely.

A “treatment plan” may include one or more treatment protocols, and each treatment protocol includes one or more treatment sessions. Each treatment session comprises several session periods, with each session period including a particular exercise for treating the body part of the patient. For example, a treatment plan for post-operative rehabilitation after a knee surgery may include an initial treatment protocol with twice daily stretching sessions for the first 3 days after surgery and a more intensive treatment protocol with active exercise sessions performed 4 times per day starting 4 days after surgery. A treatment plan may also include information pertaining to a medical procedure to perform on the patient, a treatment protocol for the patient using a treatment device, a diet regimen for the patient, a medication regimen for the patient, a sleep regimen for the patient, additional regimens, or some combination thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following discussion is directed to various embodiments of the invention. Although one or more of these embodiments may be preferred, the embodiments disclosed should not be interpreted, or otherwise used, as limiting the scope of the disclosure, including the claims. In addition, one skilled in the art will understand that the following description has broad application, and the discussion of any embodiment is meant only to be exemplary of that embodiment, and not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to that embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a computer-implemented system 10, hereinafter called “the system”, for physical rehabilitation of a body part of a patient. In some embodiments, the system 10 includes functionality for managing a treatment plan. The treatment plan includes one or more treatment protocols, and each treatment protocol includes one or more sessions. Each session comprises several session periods, with each session period including a particular activity for treating the patient’s body part. For example, a treatment plan for post-operative rehabilitation after a knee surgery may include an initial treatment protocol with twice daily stretching sessions for the first 3 days after surgery and a more intensive treatment protocol with active exercise sessions performed four times per day starting four days after surgery.

The system 10 includes a clinician interface 20 for a clinician, such as a doctor, a nurse, a physical therapist, or a technician, to use to review and to configure various aspects of a treatment plan for use in treating a patient. The clinician interface 20 includes a clinician input device 22 and a clinician display 24, which may be collectively called a clinician user interface 22, 24. The clinician input device 22 may include one or more of a keyboard, a mouse, a trackpad, or a touch screen, for example. Alternatively or additionally, the clinician input device 22 may include one or more microphones and voice-based functionalities, with hardware and/or software configured to interpret spoken instructions by the clinician by using the one or more microphones. The clinician input device 22 may include functionality provided by or similar to existing voice-based assistants such as Siri by Apple, Alexa by Amazon, Google Assistant, or Bixby by Samsung. The clinician input device 22 may include other hardware and/or software components. The clinician input device 22 may include one or more general purpose devices and/or special-purpose devices.

The clinician display 24 may take one or more different forms including, for example, a computer monitor or display screen on a tablet, smartphone, or a smart watch. The clinician display 24 may include other hardware and/or software components such as a projector, virtual reality capability, or augmented reality capability etc. The clinician display 24 may incorporate various different visual, audio, or other presentation technologies. For example, the clinician display 24 may include a non-visual display, such as an audio signal, which may include spoken language and/or other sounds such as tones, chimes, and/or melodies which may signal different conditions and/or directions. The clinician display 24 may comprise one or more different display screens presenting various data and/or interfaces or controls for use by the clinician. The clinician display 24 may include graphics, which may be presented by a web-based interface and/or by a computer program or application (App.).

The system 10 also includes a server 30 configured to store and to provide data related to managing the treatment plan. The server 30 may include one or more computers and may take the form of a distributed and/or virtualized computer or computers. In some embodiments, the server 30 may generate aspects of the clinician display 24 for presentation by the clinician interface 20. For example, the server 30 may include a web server configured to generate the display screens for presentation upon the clinician display 24. In some embodiments, the clinician display 24 may be configured to present a virtualized desktop that is hosted by the server 30. The server 30 also includes a first communication interface 32 configured to communicate with the clinician interface 20 via a first network 34. In some embodiments, the first network 34 may include a local area network (LAN), such as an Ethernet network. In some embodiments, the first network 34 may include the Internet, and communications between the server 30 and the clinician interface 20 may be secured via encryption, such as, for example, by using a virtual private network (VPN). In some embodiments, the first network 34 may include wired and/or wireless network connections such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Near-Field Communications (NFC), cellular data network, etc. The server 30 includes a first processor 36 and a first machine-readable storage memory 38, which may be called a “memory” for short, holding first instructions 40 for performing the various actions of the server 30 for execution by the first processor 36. The server 30 is configured to store data regarding the treatment plan. For example, the memory 38 includes a system data store 42 configured to hold system data, such as data pertaining to treatment plans for treating one or more patients. The server 30 is also configured to store data regarding performance by a patient in following a treatment plan. For example, the memory 38 includes a patient data store 44 configured to hold patient data, such as data pertaining to the one or more patients, including data representing each patient’s performance within the treatment plan. The patient data stored by the server 30 may also include responses provided by the patient to one or more questions, such as questions answered by the patient at various times before, during, and/or after the treatment plan.

The system 10 also includes a patient interface 50 configured to communicate information to a patient and to receive feedback from the patient. Specifically, the patient interface includes an input device 52 and an output device 54, which may be collectively called a patient user interface 52, 54. The input device 52 may include one or more devices, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen input, a gesture sensor, and/or a microphone and processor configured for voice recognition. The output device 54 may take one or more different forms including, for example, a computer monitor or display screen on a tablet, smartphone, or a smart watch. The output device 54 may include other hardware and/or software components such as a projector, virtual reality capability, augmented reality capability, etc. The output device 54 may incorporate various different visual, audio, or other presentation technologies. For example, the output device 54 may include a non-visual display, such as an audio signal, which may include spoken language and/or other sounds such as tones, chimes, and/or melodies, which may signal different conditions and/or directions. The output device 54 may comprise one or more different display screens presenting various data and/or interfaces or controls for use by the patient. The output device 54 may include graphics, which may be presented by a web-based interface and/or by a computer program or application (App.).

As shown in FIG. 1 , the patient interface 50 includes a second communication interface 56, which may also be called a remote communication interface configured to communicate with the server 30 and/or the clinician interface 20 via a second network 58. In some embodiments, the second network 58 may include a local area network (LAN), such as an Ethernet network. In some embodiments, the second network 58 may include the Internet, and communications between the patient interface 50 and the server 30 and/or the clinician interface 20 may be secured via encryption, such as, for example, by using a virtual private network (VPN). In some embodiments, the second network 58 may include wired and/or wireless network connections such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Near-Field Communications (NFC), cellular data network, etc. In some embodiments, the second network 58 may be the same as and/or operationally coupled to the first network 34.

The patient interface 50 includes a second processor 60 and a second machine-readable storage memory 62 holding second instructions 64 for execution by the second processor 60 for performing various actions of patient interface 50. The second machine-readable storage memory 62 also includes a local data store 66 configured to hold data, such as data pertaining to a treatment plan and/or patient data, such as data representing a patient’s performance within a treatment plan. The patient interface 50 also includes a local communication interface 68 configured to communicate with various devices for use by the patient in the vicinity of the patient interface 50. The local communication interface 68 may include wired and/or wireless communications. In some embodiments, the local communication interface 68 may include a local wireless network such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Near-Field Communications (NFC), cellular data network, etc.

The system 10 also includes a treatment apparatus 70 configured to be manipulated by the patient and/or to manipulate a body part of the patient for performing activities according to the treatment plan. In some embodiments, the treatment apparatus 70 may take the form of an exercise and rehabilitation apparatus configured to perform and/or to aid in the performance of a regimen, such as a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of a body part. More specifically, the regimen may be an orthopedic rehabilitation regimen, and the treatment may include rehabilitation of the body part of the patient, such as a joint, a bone, or a muscle group. The body part may include, for example, a spine, a hand, a foot, a knee, or a shoulder. The body part may include a part of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group, such as one or more vertebrae or a ligament. As shown in FIG. 1 , the treatment apparatus 70 includes a controller 72, which may include one or more processors, computer memory, and/or other components. The treatment apparatus 70 also includes a fourth communication interface 74 configured to communicate with the patient interface 50 via the local communication interface 68. The treatment apparatus 70 also includes one or more internal sensors 76 and an actuator 78, such as a motor. The actuator 78 may be used, for example, for moving the patient’s body part and/or for resisting forces by the patient.

The internal sensors 76 may measure one or more operating characteristics of the treatment apparatus 70 such as, for example, a force a position, a speed, and /or a velocity. In some embodiments, the internal sensors 76 may include a position sensor configured to measure at least one of a linear motion or an angular motion of a body part of the patient. For example, an internal sensor 76 in the form of a position sensor may measure a distance that the patient is able to move a part of the treatment apparatus 70, where such distance may correspond to a range of motion that the patient’s body part is able to achieve. In some embodiments, the internal sensors 76 may include a force sensor configured to measure a force applied by the patient. For example, an internal sensor 76 in the form of a force sensor may measure a force or weight the patient is able to apply, using a particular body part, to the treatment apparatus 70.

The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 also includes an ambulation sensor 82, which communicates with the server 30 via the local communication interface 68 of the patient interface 50. The ambulation sensor 82 may track and store a number of steps taken by the patient. In some embodiments, the ambulation sensor 82 may take the form of a wristband, wristwatch, or smart watch. In some embodiments, the ambulation sensor 82 may be integrated within a phone, such as a smartphone.

The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 also includes a goniometer 84, which communicates with the server 30 via the local communication interface 68 of the patient interface 50. The goniometer 84 measures an angle of the patient’s body part. For example, the goniometer 84 may measure the angle of flex of a patient’s knee or elbow or shoulder.

The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 also includes a pressure sensor 86, which communicates with the server 30 via the local communication interface 68 of the patient interface 50. The pressure sensor 86 measures an amount of pressure or weight applied by a body part of the patient. For example, pressure sensor 86 may measure an amount of force applied by a patient’s foot when pedaling a stationary bike.

The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 also includes a supervisory interface 90 which may be similar or identical to the clinician interface 20. In some embodiments, the supervisory interface 90 may have enhanced functionality beyond what is provided on the clinician interface 20. The supervisory interface 90 may be configured for use by a person having responsibility for the treatment plan, such as an orthopedic surgeon.

The system 10 shown in FIG. 1 also includes a reporting interface 92 which may be similar or identical to the clinician interface 20. In some embodiments, the reporting interface 92 may have less functionality from what is provided on the clinician interface 20. For example, the reporting interface 92 may not have the ability to modify a treatment plan. Such a reporting interface 92 may be used, for example, by a biller to determine the use of the system 10 for billing purposes. In another example, the reporting interface 92 may not have the ability to display patient identifiable information, presenting only pseudonymized data and/or anonymized data for certain data fields concerning a data subject and/or for certain data fields concerning a quasi-identifier of the data subject. Such a reporting interface 92 may be used, for example, by a researcher to determine various effects of a treatment plan on different patients.

In some embodiments, the patient interface 50 and the treatment apparatus 70 are each configured to operate from a patient location geographically separate from a location of the clinician interface 20. For example, the patient interface 50 and the treatment apparatus 70 may be used as part of an in-home rehabilitation system, which may be monitored remotely by using the clinician interface 20 at a centralized location, such as a clinic or hospital. In some embodiments, either or both of the patient interface 50 and/or the treatment apparatus 70 are configured to communicate with a remote computer, such as the server 30, to receive the treatment plan and to report back to the remote computer with data regarding performance by the patient in following the treatment plan.

FIGS. 2-3 show an embodiment of a treatment apparatus 70. More specifically, FIG. 2 shows a treatment apparatus 70 in the form of a stationary cycling machine 100, which may be called a stationary bike, for short. The stationary cycling machine 100 includes a set of pedals 102 each attached to a pedal arm 104 for rotation about an axle 106. In some embodiments, and as shown in FIG. 2 , the pedals 102 are movable on the pedal arms 104 in order to adjust a range of motion used by the patient in pedaling. For example, the pedals being located inwardly toward the axle 106 corresponds to a smaller range of motion than when the pedals are located outwardly away from the axle 106. A pressure sensor 86 is attached to or embedded within one of the pedals 102 for measuring an amount of force applied by the patient on the pedal 102. The pressure sensor 86 may communicate wirelessly to the treatment apparatus 70 and/or to the patient interface 50.

FIG. 4 shows a person (a patient) using the treatment apparatus of FIG. 2 , and showing sensors and various data parameters connected to a patient interface 50. The example patient interface 50 is a tablet computer or smartphone, or a phablet, such as an iPad, an iPhone, an Android device, or a Surface tablet, which is held manually by the patient. In some other embodiments, the patient interface 50 may be embedded within or attached to the treatment apparatus 70. FIG. 4 shows the patient wearing the ambulation sensor 82 on his wrist, with a note showing “STEPS TODAY 1355”, indicating that the ambulation sensor 82 has recorded and transmitted that step count to the patient interface 50. FIG. 4 also shows the patient wearing the goniometer 84 on his right knee, with a note showing “KNEE ANGLE 72°”, indicating that the goniometer 84 is measuring and transmitting that knee angle to the patient interface 50. FIG. 4 also shows a right side of one of the pedals 102 with a pressure sensor 86 showing “FORCE 12.5 lbs.,” indicating that the right pedal pressure sensor 86 is measuring and transmitting that force measurement to the patient interface 50. FIG. 4 also shows a left side of one of the pedals 102 with a pressure sensor 86 showing “FORCE 27 lbs.”, indicating that the left pedal pressure sensor 86 is measuring and transmitting that force measurement to the patient interface 50. FIG. 4 also shows other patient data, such as an indicator of “SESSION TIME 0:04:13”, indicating that the patient has been using the treatment apparatus 70 for 4 minutes and 13 seconds. This session time may be determined by the patient interface 50 based on information received from the treatment apparatus 70. FIG. 4 also shows an indicator showing “PAIN LEVEL 3”. Such a pain level may be obtained from the patent in response to a solicitation, such as a question, presented upon the patient interface 50.

FIG. 5 is an example embodiment of an overview display 120 of the clinician interface 20. Specifically, the overview display 120 presents summary information regarding each of a plurality of different patients. In some embodiments, and as shown on FIG. 5 , the summary information includes an indicator showing a procedure performed upon each of the patients, temporal progress of the patient within the treatment plan (post-op day), an indicator of a last-reported pain level, range-of-motion (ROM) numbers, and an indicator showing if there are any alerts requiring special attention.

FIGS. 6-7 show an example embodiment of a patient profile display 130 of the clinician interface 20. The example patient profile display 130 includes a patient summary 132 with the patient’s name, date of birth (DOB), age, a description of a procedure performed or to be performed on the patient, e.g., “Knee surgery”, and a picture of the patient, if available. The example patient profile display 130 also includes a treatment progress summary 134, showing one or more indicators of progress within a treatment regimen or plan. The example treatment progress summary 134 shown on FIG. 6 includes textual progress summaries, “DAY 18”, “3 days remaining”, “12/63 DAILY SESSIONS COMPLETED”, as well as graphical progress summaries in the form of horizontal bar graphs, which may also be called progress bars.

The example patient profile display 130 presents information regarding a treatment history of the patient. For example, the example patient profile display 130 includes a plurality of different treatment graphs 136 showing the effect of various treatment parameters over time. The treatment graphs 136 shown in the example patient profile display 130 of FIGS. 6-7 include extension (angle), flexion (angle), pain (0-10 scale), ambulation (steps/day), and total revolutions (i.e., revolutions performed on the stationary cycling machine 100). The patient profile display 130 shown on FIG. 7 also includes a pictorial history 138, showing one or more images of the surgical site for reference by a clinician or other healthcare professional in reviewing post-operative progress. The images in the pictorial history 138 may be taken by the patient and/or by a clinician or other healthcare professional. For example, the first picture may be taken by a member of the surgical staff, and subsequent pictures may be taken by the patient and/or the rehabilitation clinician. The example patient profile display 130 shown on FIG. 7 also includes a protocol summary display 140 showing a summary overview of a treatment protocol to be performed by the patient. The example protocol summary display 140 includes a protocol heading 142 with a protocol name, e.g. “Acute Protocol.” The protocol heading 142 also includes overview information regarding how and when the protocol is to be performed, e.g. “Days 1-14, 3 sessions daily.” The protocol summary display 140 also includes several protocol session icons 144, each indicating details of an activity to be performed within a protocol session, e.g., “Passive”, “Active”, or “Resistance”, together with other information regarding the protocol session, such as a direction (forward/reverse), and an amount of time that each protocol session is prescribed to be performed.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a body part confirmation screen 240 of the patient interface 50. The patient may be asked to confirm the particular body part to be treated in order to ensure that the treatment plan is correct for that particular patient. The body part confirmation screen 240 is also used to ensure that the patient is aware of the body part to be treated (i.e., to set the patient’s expectations) to minimize risk of an unexpected event that could result in an adverse outcome. If the patient selects a body part that does not comport with the treatment plan, the treatment session may be cancelled, and a notice to the clinician may be generated. The patient may be asked to confirm their selection and, then, given the opportunity to change their selection to ensure that treatment is not cancelled and/or that the clinician is not notified in case of a mis-selection.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a treatment plan overview screen 280 of the patient interface 50. Specifically, the treatment plan overview screen 280 includes a session summary 282 with a listing of the session periods and their respective durations (in minutes), with the total session duration, and with a display of the sessions per day. The treatment plan overview screen 280 includes a practitioner contact data 284 with a picture and phone numbers for a practitioner that the patient may contact for help. The practitioner may be, for example, an orthopedic surgeon and/or a physical therapist.

The patient interface 50 presents a questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720 soliciting the patient to answer a plurality of questions. In some embodiments, the questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720, or a portion thereof, is presented to the patient before the treatment session. Alternatively or additionally, the questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720, or a portion thereof, may be presented to the patient after or during the treatment session. For example, one or more questions may be presented for the patient to answer using the patient interface 50 while a training session is in progress or during a break between session periods. In some embodiments, one or more of the questions of the questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720 pertains to a current physical condition of the patient. For example, as shown in FIG. 10 , one of the questions may ask the patient to rate their current pain level. In some embodiments, one or more of the questions of the questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720 pertains to a past physical condition of the patient. For example, as shown in FIGS. 11-12 , the questionnaire 320, 360, 400, 480, 720 may ask about various physical conditions that the patient has noticed or experienced in the past twenty-four hours that could affect the patient’s ability to perform the rehabilitation regimen.

FIG. 10 shows an example embodiment of a pain level input screen 320 of the patient interface 50. The pain level input screen 320 includes a pain level selector 322 for the patient to indicate his or her pain level. The example pain level selector 322 is a slider that the patient can use to select a pain level of 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximum pain). The pain level input screen 320 may include other inputs, such as a numeric input or check boxes. Graphics, such as happy-to-sad face icons may help to clarify that 10 is the highest level of pain. A similar pain level input screen 320 may be presented before, during, and/or after a treatment session for tracking the effect of the session on the patient’s pain level.

FIGS. 11-12 show an example embodiment of a first pretreatment questionnaire screen 360 and a second pretreatment questionnaire screen 400 of the patient interface 50, respectively. The pretreatment questionnaire screens 360, 400 may help to determine if the patient has any conditions that may adversely impact their ability to perform the training session. For example, the pretreatment questionnaire screens 360, 400 may include one or more questions that relate to the patient’s ability to use the treatment apparatus 70. Specifically, the example pretreatment questionnaire screens 360, 400 of FIGS. 11-12 ask the patient whether he/she has noticed any of several different conditions in the last 24 hours. FIGS. 11-12 provide Yes/No inputs for the patient to indicate a presence of each of the different conditions. The conditions asked about include: “New trouble or decreased ability to walk,” “Fever and/or chills,” “Drainage from surgical site,” “New redness, swelling, and/or heat,” “Nausea,” “Increased pain,” “Pain in back of calf,” “Reduced range of motion,” “Wound/incision splitting apart or opening,” and “Shortness of breath.” These are merely examples of different conditions that may be asked of the patient before beginning the rehabilitation regimen. In some embodiments, before the patient is authorized to use the treatment apparatus 70, predetermined responses must be provided on the pretreatment questionnaire screens 360, 400.

In some embodiments, the system 10 is configured to take an action in response to a selected answer or response to one or more of the questions. The action, taken in response to a selected answer or response may include inhibiting or mitigating operation of the treatment apparatus 70. The action may include transmitting an alert to the clinician, stopping the treatment apparatus 70, and/or locking the treatment apparatus 70 to prevent it from being used until the clinician or another authorized person is able to verify that it is safe for the patient to proceed with the training session. For example, affirmative responses to either of the “[Have you noticed] wound/incision splitting” and/or the “[Have you noticed] shortness of breath” inquiries may prevent the patient from proceeding with the treatment until the clinician first verifies that it is safe for the patient to proceed.

The patient interface 50 may present a confirmation prompt for the patient to confirm the selected response before the action is taken. The confirmation prompt may take the form of a question confirmation screen 440, such as the one shown in FIG. 13 . For example, a selected response that indicates a potential serious medical issue, such as “shortness of breath,” may require confirmation before the system locks 10 the treatment apparatus 70 and/or generates an alert if the patient selects or otherwise indicates, in error, that particular response. The confirmation prompt may take other forms, such as visual or audible warnings, which may include a description of one or more consequences of the particular response provided. Additionally or alternatively, the patient interface 50 may present additional instructions to the patient in response to particular answers or responses to given ones of the questions. For example, if the patient indicates that they have experienced wound/incision splitting apart or opening, the patient may be prompted to take one or more pictures of the wound for evaluation by a clinician. In some embodiments, the patient interface 50 may provide instructions for using a camera, which may be integral with the patient interface 50, to capture one or more images and/or video of the wound.

Alerts transmitted to the clinician, such as alerts generated and/or transmitted in response to a particular answer or response to one or more of the questions, may include an alert message upon the clinician interface 20. Such an alert message may include a description of the question and/or the response to the question. In some cases, the alert message may also include an identification of the patient. In other cases, the identification of the patient may be omitted, for example, where the patient’s identification would violate privacy requirements. Such an alert message may be presented within an overview display 120, as shown, for example, on FIG. 5 . Additionally or alternatively, alert messages generated in response to the patient’s answer or response to one or more questions may include an instant notification to the clinician on the user interface. Such an instant notification may include a visual notification, such as a popup message or an animation, within a predetermined region of the clinician display 24. Such alert messages may also be accompanied by an audio notification, such as a sound or a voice prompt, played by a speaker of the clinician interface 20.

In some embodiments, the alert generated and/or transmitted in response to a particular answer or response may comprise a real-time communication to the clinician outside of the clinician interface 20. For example, the system 10 may communicate an alert message to the clinician using a communication message, such as a pager message or a text message or an email. The alert message may include pseudonymized data and/or anonymized data or use any privacy enhancing technology to prevent confidential patient data from being communicated in a way that could violate patient confidentiality requirements. Such privacy enhancing technologies may enable compliance with laws, regulations, or other rules of governance such as, but not limited to, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), or the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), wherein the patient may be deemed a “data subject”. For example, an alert message may direct the clinician that a particular type of alert exists, such as a patient reporting wound splitting, without identifying which patient made the report. The alert message may direct the clinician to check the clinician interface 20 for more specific details regarding the alert.

FIG. 14 shows an example embodiment of a third pretreatment questionnaire screen 480 of the patient interface 50. Specifically, the third pretreatment questionnaire screen 480 requests the patient to indicate when they last took pain medication. This question may be used to compensate for the effects of pain medication on reported pain level and/or other performance parameters.

FIG. 15 shows an example embodiment of positioning confirmation screen 520 of the patient interface 50. This screen 520 is the beginning of a guided walk-through for the patient to use the treatment apparatus 70. Specifically, this screen 520 includes written instructions to guide the patient in placing their feet in the pedals 102 of a stationary cycling machine 100. In some embodiments, this screen 520 may include graphics, such as pictures or animations to help the patient perform particular actions for using the treatment apparatus 70. Screen 520 includes a position confirmation selector 522 for the patient to indicate that they are in position to use the treatment apparatus 70. Screen 520 also includes a trouble button 524 for the patient to indicate that they are having trouble getting in position to use the treatment apparatus 70.

In some embodiments, the patient interface 50 may present a help display 560 in response to occurrence of a triggering event pertaining to the patient’s use of the treatment apparatus 70. The help display 560 may include a first control 564, 642, such as a “STOP” button, for the patient to stop using the treatment apparatus 70 and/or to request additional help in using the treatment apparatus 70. The help display 560 may also include a second control 566 for the patient to continue using the treatment apparatus.

FIG. 16 shows an example embodiment of a help screen 560 in the form of a positioning help screen 560. This help screen 560 may be shown in response to the user selecting the trouble button 524 on the positioning confirmation screen 520. The help screen 560 may automatically be displayed if the patient fails to select the position confirmation selector 522 within a predetermined period of time. In some embodiments, an intermediate screen such as a popup asking if the patient needs more time may be displayed before the help screen 560 is shown. The help screen 560 includes assistance instructions 562 for the patient to obtain assistance for using the treatment apparatus 70. In some embodiments, the assistance instructions 562 may include a phone number. The assistance instructions 562 may also include other items, such as a link to a video conference with someone able to help the patient, and/or a link to a video or animated walk-through with detailed instructions for performing a particular action to use the treatment apparatus 70. The particular action may include, for example, placing the feet in the pedals. The help screen 560 may also include a first control 564, which may take the form of an exit button, which the patient can use to stop the treatment session in case they are unable to resolve their issue with using the treatment apparatus 70. Use of the first control 564 may generate an alert to the clinician. The help screen 560 also includes a second control 566, which may take the form of a proceed button, that the patient can use to indicate that they have resolved their issue and are able to proceed with the treatment session.

FIG. 17 shows an example embodiment of an adjustment introduction screen 680 of the patient interface 50. The adjustment introduction screen 680 includes text and/or graphics indicating various adjustments to be performed by the treatment apparatus 70. In the example shown, the adjustments include the treatment apparatus 70 that is a stationary cycling machine 100 that automatically moves the pedals 102 outwardly to a predetermined position for the session period. FIG. 18 shows an example embodiment of an adjustment confirmation screen 720 of the patient interface 50. The adjustment confirmation screen 720 includes text and/or graphics requesting the patient to confirm their satisfaction with the position of the treatment apparatus 70 during and/or after the automatic adjustments are made. The adjustment confirmation screen 720 includes an increase button 722 that the patient may select to indicate a desire to change the position of the treatment apparatus 70 such as, for example, to increase the radius of the pedal 102 on the pedal arm 104. The adjustment confirmation screen 720 also includes a stay button 724 that the patient may select to indicate acceptance of the position of the treatment apparatus 70. The adjustment confirmation screen 720 also includes a decrease button 726 that the patient may select to indicate a desire to change the position of the treatment apparatus 70. For example, if the patient experiences pain or discomfort with the initial position, he or she may change the position using the decrease button 726 until the pain or discomfort is alleviated.

FIG. 19 shows an example embodiment of a session period action screen 760 of the patient interface 50. This screen 760 is displayed while a given session period is in progress. It includes pressure indicators 762 showing an amount of pressure or force applied by each foot. The pressure indicators 762 show the pressures of the patient’s feet upon the pedals 102 as measured by the pressure sensors 86. The pressure indicators 762 are shown as bar graphs, but other types of displays may be used, such as rotary gauges and/or numeric indicators. The pressure indicators 762 may also include a target pressure indicator 764 representing a target pressure value which may be determined by the clinician using an associated session parameter control 178 on the clinician interface 20.

The session period action screen 760 also includes a speed indicator 766 showing a speed that the pedals 102 are turning, as measured by an internal sensor 76 of the stationary cycling machine 100. The speed indicator 766 is shown as a rotary gauge, but other types of displays may be used, such as a bar graph and/or a numeric indicator. The speed indicator 766 includes an optimal or desired speed range, which may be determined by the clinician using an associated session parameter control 178 on the clinician interface 20. The session period action screen 760 may present prompts or messages 768 to enable the user to change the pressure and/or speed if either of those parameters is outside of a predetermined range.

In some embodiments, the patient interface 50 may present a mid-treatment questionnaire during a treatment session, the questionnaire configured to solicit responses to one or more questions. The mid-treatment questionnaire may include one or more questions that relate to the patient’s ability to use the treatment apparatus 70. In some embodiments, the mid-treatment questionnaire may be presented in response to occurrence of a triggering event, the triggering event pertaining to the patient’s use of the treatment apparatus 70.

In some embodiments, a computer, such as the server 30, is configured to automatically modify the treatment plan 154 in response to satisfaction by the patient of a predetermined condition. For example, the treatment plan 154 may be limited in speed, velocity, or pressure settings or number of sessions per day until a predetermined condition is satisfied. In another example, the treatment plan 154 may include only certain types of session periods, such as passive type exercises, until the predetermined condition is satisfied. The predetermined condition may include, for example, a successful post-operative checkup; or completion of a predetermined number of sessions or satisfying a performance benchmark within the treatment plan. Such a benchmark may include, for example, walking X number of steps in a day, or some given RPM speed or a given number of pounds of force using the treatment apparatus 70. In some embodiments, the computer is configured to increase at least one of a frequency, a duration, or an intensity of an aspect of the treatment plan 154 in response to performance or occurrence of the triggering event. In some embodiments, the computer is configured to decrease at least one of a frequency, a duration, or an intensity of an aspect of the treatment plan 154 in response to a performance or occurrence of the triggering event. The triggering event may include, for example, the patient reporting pain in excess of a given value, or an inability to complete one or more activities within the treatment plan 154, or a sudden decrease in walking performed by the patient.

In some embodiments, the patient interface 50 may provide a prompt to the patient in response to occurrence of the predetermined condition. The prompt may take the form of a help display 560, and/or a questionnaire, such as the mid-treatment questionnaire, soliciting responses to one or more questions. In some embodiments, the help display 560 may be configured to include a questionnaire for soliciting responses to one or more questions. In some embodiments, a timer or counter may generate the triggering event. For example, the prompt may be presented to the patient at periodic time intervals, or after each of a predetermined number of repetitions of a given exercise. The triggering event may include the occurrence or non-occurrence of a measurement by an internal sensor 76 of the treatment apparatus 70. For example, in a session period where the patient is expected to maintain the stationary cycling machine at a speed of between 40 and 50 RPM, the predetermined condition may include the cycling machine operating below 30 RPM for a period of 5 seconds. In that case, the patient interface 50 may provide a prompt, such as a help display 560, asking the patient if they are having trouble or pain in performing the activity. The prompts may narrow down a problem. For example, if the patient is unable to perform a given activity, then a computer, such as the server 30, may automatically modify the treatment plan 154 to include activities that are easier for the patient to complete, such as only passive or only assisted session periods. Alternatively, the treatment plan 154 may be suspended until the clinician or another qualified person, such as an orthopedic surgeon, directs the system 10 to re-enable the treatment plan 154. Additionally or alternatively, the patient’s responses to the prompts may generate an alert to the clinician.

The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, use specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It should be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.

The above discussion is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various embodiments. Numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.

The various aspects, embodiments, implementations, or features of the described embodiments can be used separately or in any combination. The embodiments disclosed herein are modular in nature and can be used in conjunction with or coupled to other embodiments.

Any of the systems and methods described in this disclosure may be used in connection with rehabilitation. Rehabilitation may be directed at cardiac rehabilitation, rehabilitation from stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, a brain injury, a spinal cord injury, a spinal cord disease, a joint injury, a joint disease, or the like. Rehabilitation can further involve muscular contraction improving blood flow and lymphatic flow, engaging the brain and nervous system to control and affect a traumatized area to increase the speed of healing, reversing or reducing pain, reversing or reducing stiffness, recovering range of motion, cardiovascular engagement to stimulate the release of pain blocking hormones and encourage freshly oxygenated blood flow to aid in an overall feeling of well-being. Rehabilitation may be provided for individuals of average height in reasonably good physical condition having no substantial deformities, as well as individuals more typically in need of rehabilitation, such as those that are elderly, obese, injured and/or have a severely limited range of motion. Unless expressly stated otherwise, is to be understood that rehabilitation includes prehabilitation (also referred to as “pre-habilitation” or “prehab”). Prehabilitation may be used as a preventative procedure or as a pre-surgical or pre-treatment procedure. Prehabilitation may include any action performed by or on a patient (or directed to be performed by or on a patient, including, without limitation, remotely or distally through telemedicine) to, without limitation, prevent or reduce a likelihood of injury (e.g., prior to the occurrence of the injury); improve recovery time subsequent to surgery; improve strength subsequent to surgery; or any of the foregoing with respect to any non-surgical clinical treatment plan to be undertaken for the purpose of ameliorating or mitigating injury, dysfunction, or other negative consequence of surgical or non-surgical treatment on any external or internal part of a patient’s body. For example, a mastectomy may require prehabilitation to strengthen muscles or muscle groups affected directly or indirectly by the mastectomy. As a further non-limiting example, the removal of an intestinal tumor, the repair of a hernia, open-heart surgery or other procedures performed on internal organs or structures, whether to repair those organs or structures, to excise them or parts of them, to treat them, etc., can require cutting through and harming numerous muscles and muscle groups in or about, without limitation, the abdomen, the ribs and/or the thoracic cavity. Prehabilitation can improve a patient’s speed of recovery, measure of quality of life, level of pain, etc. in all the foregoing procedures. In one embodiment of prehabilitation, a pre-surgical procedure or a pre-non-surgical-treatment may include one or more sets of exercises for a patient to perform prior to such procedure or treatment. Performance of the one or more sets of exercises may be required in order to qualify for an elective surgery, such as a knee replacement. The patient may prepare an area of his or her body for the surgical procedure by performing the one or more sets of exercises, thereby strengthening muscle groups, improving existing muscle memory, reduce pain, reduce stiffness, establishing new muscle memory, enhancing mobility (i.e., improve range of motion), improving blood flow, and/or the like.

Consistent with the above disclosure, the examples of assemblies enumerated in the following clauses are specifically contemplated and are intended as a non-limiting set of examples.

1. A computer-implemented system for physical rehabilitation, comprising: a clinician interface comprising a patient profile display, the patient profile display configured to present data regarding performance, by a patient, of a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group; a patient interface including an output device and an input device for communicating to and from the patient, information regarding the performance of the regimen; the patient interface presenting instructions and status information to the patient regarding the performance of the regimen; and the patient interface presenting a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer a plurality of questions, wherein one of the plurality of questions pertains to a current physical condition of the patient or a past physical condition of the patient.

2. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the regimen is a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of the body part.

3. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the one of the plurality of questions pertains to the current physical condition of the patient.

4. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the one of the plurality of questions pertains to the past physical condition of the patient.

5. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, wherein the computer-implemented system is configured to take an action in response to a selected response to one of the plurality of questions.

6. The computer-implemented system of claim 5, wherein the action comprises stopping or preventing operation of a treatment apparatus by the patient.

7. The computer-implemented system of claim 5, wherein the action comprises transmitting an alert to a clinician.

8. The computer-implemented system of claim 7, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises an alert message on the clinician interface, the alert message including information relating to the response to the one of the plurality of questions.

9. The computer-implemented system of claim 7, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises a real-time communication to the clinician, and the alert is outside of the clinician interface.

10. The computer-implemented system of claim 5, wherein, before the action is taken, the patient interface presents a prompt for the patient to confirm the particular response to one of the plurality of questions.

11. The computer-implemented system of claim 1, further comprising a server configured to store patient data, the patient data including responses to the plurality of questions.

12. A system for remote treatment, comprising: a clinician interface comprising a patient profile display configured to present status information regarding a patient; a patient interface including an output device and an input device for communicating information, respectively, to and from a patient; and a treatment apparatus configured to be manipulated by the patient, such that the patient can perform a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group; wherein the patient interface and the treatment apparatus are each configured to enable operation from a patient location geographically separate from a location of the clinician interface; and wherein the patient interface presents a questionnaire soliciting a response to a question pertaining to one of a current physical condition of the patient or a past physical condition of the patient.

13. The computer-implemented system of claim 12, wherein the regimen is a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of the body part.

14. The computer-implemented system of claim 12, wherein the one of the plurality of questions pertains to the current physical condition of the patient.

15. The computer-implemented system of claim 12, wherein the one of the plurality of questions pertains to the past physical condition of the patient.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the question is one of a plurality of questions on the questionnaire.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein the question relates to an ability of the patient to use the treatment apparatus.

18. The system of claim 12, wherein the patient interface presents the question in response to occurrence of a triggering event, the triggering event pertaining to the patient’s use of the treatment apparatus.

19. The system of claim 12, wherein the treatment apparatus comprises an internal sensor configured to measure at least one of a linear motion or an angular motion of the body part of the patient; and wherein the patient interface presents the question in response to a measurement by the internal sensor.

20. A patient user interface generated by a computer and comprising: a session period action screen presenting real-time status of measurements regarding a patient’s use of a treatment apparatus for performing a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, or a muscle group; and a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer a plurality of questions pertaining to physical conditions of a patient.

21. The computer-implemented system of claim 20, wherein the regimen is a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of the body part.

22. The patient user interface of claim 20, wherein the questionnaire comprises a pretreatment questionnaire presenting a plurality of questions; and wherein predetermined responses must be provided before the patient is authorized to use the treatment apparatus.

23. The patient user interface of claim 20, wherein one of the plurality of questions pertains to a current physical condition of the patient.

24. The patient user interface of claim 20, wherein one of the plurality of questions pertains to a past physical condition of the patient.

25. The patient user interface of claim 20, wherein the patient interface presents a help display in response to occurrence of a triggering event, the triggering event pertaining to the patient’s use of the treatment apparatus; the help display including a first control for the patient to stop using the treatment apparatus or to request additional help in using the treatment apparatus; and the help display including a second control for the patient to continue using the treatment apparatus.

As will readily be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill of the art in light of having read the present disclosure, as used herein, actions described as being performed in real-time include actions performed in near-real-time without departing from the scope and intent of the present disclosure.

The above discussion is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various embodiments of the present invention. Numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.

The various aspects, embodiments, implementations, or features of the described embodiments can be used separately or in any combination. The embodiments disclosed herein are modular in nature and can be used in conjunction with or coupled to other embodiments.

Consistent with the above disclosure, the examples of assemblies enumerated in the following clauses are specifically contemplated and are intended as a non-limiting set of examples. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A treatment apparatus, comprising: a machine configured to be manipulated by a patient to perform a regimen for rehabilitation of the patient, wherein the regimen corresponds to a regimen for a body part, the body part comprising at least one of a joint, a bone, and a muscle group; and one or more internal sensors configured to generate data indicating performance of the regimen by the patient, wherein the machine is configured to: receive at least one of a first input from a clinician interface and a second input from a patient interface, wherein (i) the first input corresponds to a prompt, presented on the clinician interface, to modify the regimen, wherein the modification of the regimen is based on the data indicating performance of the regimen and (ii) the second input corresponds to at least one response to a plurality of questions, presented on the patient interface, pertaining to a current or past physical condition of the patient, and responsive to the at least one of the first input and the second input, selectively stop or prevent operation of the machine by the patient.
 2. The treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the regimen is a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of the body part.
 3. A system comprising the treatment apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising the clinician interface, wherein the clinician interface comprises a patient profile display configured to present the data and the prompt.
 4. The system of claim 3, further comprising the patient interface, the patient interface comprising an output device and an input device for respectively transmitting and receiving, to and from the patient, information regarding the performance of the regimen implemented by using the treatment apparatus, wherein the patient interface is configured to present (i) instructions and status information to the patient regarding the performance of the regimen and (ii) a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer the plurality of questions.
 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the system is configured to take an action in response to a selected response to one of the plurality of questions.
 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the action comprises transmitting an alert to a clinician.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises an alert message, the alert message including information relating to the selected response to the one of the plurality of questions.
 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises a real-time communication to the clinician outside of the clinician interface.
 9. The system of claim 5 wherein, before the action is taken, the patient interface presents a prompt for the patient to confirm the selected response to the one of the plurality of questions.
 10. The system of claim 4, wherein the patient interface and the treatment apparatus are each configured to enable operation of the machine from a patient location geographically separate from a location of the clinician interface.
 11. The system of claim 4, wherein predetermined responses to the plurality of questions must be provided before the patient is authorized to use the treatment apparatus.
 12. The system of claim 4, wherein the patient interface comprises a session period action screen configured to present a real-time status of measurements regarding use of the treatment apparatus by the patient, wherein the patient interface generates a triggering event based on the measurements, and wherein the patient interface presents a help display in response to the triggering event.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the help display includes (ii) a first control for the patient to stop using the treatment apparatus or to request additional help in using the treatment apparatus and (ii) a second control for the patient to continue using the treatment apparatus.
 14. The treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more internal sensors include an internal sensor configured to measure at least one of a linear motion and an angular motion of the body part of the patient, and wherein the plurality of questions includes a question based on a measurement by the internal sensor.
 15. A method of operating a treatment apparatus, the treatment apparatus including a machine configured to be manipulated by a patient to perform a regimen for rehabilitation of the patient, wherein the regimen corresponds to a regimen for a body part, the body part including at least one of a joint, a bone, and a muscle group, the method comprising: using one or more internal sensors of the treatment apparatus, generating data indicating performance of the regimen by the patient; receiving, using the machine, at least one of a first input from a clinician interface and a second input from a patient interface, wherein (i) the first input corresponds to a prompt, presented on the clinician interface, to modify the regimen, wherein the modification of the regimen is based on the data indicating performance of the regimen and (ii) the second input corresponds to at least one response to a plurality of questions, presented on the patient interface, pertaining to a current or past physical condition of the patient; responsive to the at least one of the first input and the second input, selectively stopping or preventing operation of the machine by the patient.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the regimen is a physical rehabilitation regimen for improving strength or range of motion of the body part.
 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising presenting, on the clinician interface, a patient profile display including the data and the prompt.
 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising, using the patient interface, respectively transmitting and receiving, to and from the patient, information regarding the performance of the regimen implemented by using the treatment apparatus, and presenting (i) instructions and status information to the patient regarding the performance of the regimen and (ii) a questionnaire soliciting the patient to answer the plurality of questions.
 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising taking an action in response to a selected response to one of the plurality of questions.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein taking the action comprises transmitting an alert to a clinician.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises an alert message, the alert message including information relating to the selected response to the one of the plurality of questions.
 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the alert to the clinician comprises a real-time communication to the clinician outside of the clinician interface.
 23. The method of claim 19 further comprising, before the action is taken, presenting, using the patient interface, a prompt for the patient to confirm the selected response to the one of the plurality of questions.
 24. The method of claim 18, further comprising, using either of the patient interface and the treatment apparatus, enabling operation of the machine from a patient location geographically separate from a location of the clinician interface.
 25. The method of claim 18, wherein predetermined responses to the plurality of questions must be provided before the patient is authorized to use the treatment apparatus.
 26. The method of claim 18, further comprising: presenting, using the patient interface, a session period action screen configured to present a real-time status of measurements regarding use of the treatment apparatus by the patient; using the patient interface, generating a triggering event based on the measurements; and presenting, using the patient interface, a help display in response to the triggering event.
 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the help display includes (ii) a first control for the patient to stop using the treatment apparatus or to request additional help in using the treatment apparatus and (ii) a second control for the patient to continue using the treatment apparatus.
 28. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more internal sensors include an internal sensor configured to measure at least one of a linear motion and an angular motion of the body part of the patient, and wherein the plurality of questions includes a question based on a measurement by the internal sensor. 